文章转载至http://www.zikercn.com/node/8
星期四, 06/07/2012 - 19:02 — 张慧敏
MacPorts简单介绍
MacPorts，以前叫做DarwinPorts，是一个软件包管理系统，用来简化Mac OS X和Darwin操作系统上软件的安装。它是一个用来简化自由软件/开放源码软件的安装的自由/开放源码项目，与Fink和BSD类ports套件的目标和功能类似。跟BSD中的ports道理一样。MacPorts就像apt-get、yum一样，能够高速安装些软件。
MacPorts下载与安装
一.通过(.pkg)安装: Mac OS X Package (.pkg) Installer
訪问官方站点:
二.通过(Source)安装MacPorts：Source Installation
1.cd到Downloads/文件夹下wget下载 MacPorts-2.1.1.tar.gz
输入: wget
2.解压 MacPorts-2.1.1.tar.gz 输入: tar zxvf MacPorts-2.1.1.tar.gz (tar jxvf MacPorts2.1.1.tar.bz2)
3.cd到解压到的文件夹MacPorts-2.1.1输入: ./configure && make && sudo make install 安装
中间提示输入password完毕安装! 7.然后将/opt/local/bin和/opt/local/sbin加入到$PATH搜索路径中
编辑/etc/profile文件 $ sudo vim /etc/profile (特许编辑,强制保存退出 wq!)文件最后加上以下两句| 1 2 | export PATH= /opt/local/bin :$PATH export PATH= /opt/local/sbin :$PATH |
MacPorts使用
1.Mac Port中第三方软件下载包存放的默认路径是：/opt/local/var/macports/distfiles/
为了提高安装速度，能够在安装新port时直接将此文件夹下的文件复制到新的Mac Port同样的文件夹中就能够避免Port去网上下载。2.使用Mac Port前应该首先更新Port的index
输入: $ sudo port -v selfupdate (强烈推荐第一次执行的时候使用-v參数，显示具体的更新过程)
3.查看Mac Port中当前可用的软件包及其版本号 输入: $ port list
4.查看有更新的软件以及版本号 输入: $ port outdated
5.升级能够更新的软件 输入: $ sudo port upgrade outdated
6.在Mac Port搜索须要安装的软件包 输入: $ port search maven
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | HuiMinmatoMacBook-Pro:Downloads zikercn$ port search maven maven @1.0.2 (java, devel) stub port, use maven1 instead maven-ant-tasks @2.1.3 (devel, java) Use many of Maven's artifact handling features from Ant. maven1 @1.1 (java, devel) A java-based build and project management environment. maven2 @2.2.1 (java, devel) A java-based build and project management environment. maven3 @3.0.4 (java, devel) A java-based build and project management environment. maven_select @0.3 (sysutils) common files for selecting default Maven version Found 6 ports. |
7.搜索到须要安装的软件包之后，怎样查看详细的软件包的内容和说明
输入: $ port info maven3| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | maven3 @3.0.4 (java, devel) Description: Maven is a Java project management and project comprehension tool. Maven is based on the concept of a project object model (POM) in that all the artifacts produced by Maven are a result of consulting a well defined model for your project.Builds, documentation, source metrics, and source cross-references are all controlled by your POM. Maven 3 aims to ensure backward compatibility with Maven 2, improve usability, increase performance, allow safe embedding, and pave the way to implement many highly demanded features. Homepage: http: //maven .apache.org/ Build Dependencies: kaffe Runtime Dependencies: maven_select Platforms: darwin License: unknown Maintainers: blair@macports.org, gk5885@kickstyle.net |
8.查看即将安装的或者已经安装的软件包的依赖关系
输入: $ port deps maven3| 1 2 3 | Full Name: maven3 @3.0.4_0 Build Dependencies: kaffe Runtime Dependencies: maven_select |
9. 查看安装时同意客户定制的參数 输入: $ port variants maven3
| 1 | maven3 has no variants |
10.查看了软件包的内容和说明,并确认确实要安装,则输入: $ sudo port install maven3
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | To make maven 3.0.4 the default, please run sudo port select -- set maven maven3 ---> Cleaning maven3 ---> Updating database of binaries: 100.0% ---> Scanning binaries for linking errors: 100.0% ---> No broken files found. |
11. 卸载已经用Mac Port安装的软件 输入: $ sudo port uninstall maven3
| 1 2 3 4 | ---> Deactivating maven3 @3.0.4_0 ---> Cleaning maven3 ---> Uninstalling maven3 @3.0.4_0 ---> Cleaning maven3 |
MacPorts卸载删除
1.卸载原有的MacPorts(假设你没有安装,直接跳过这一步,输入: $ port version 查看)
#原版使用MacPorts安装过的软件在/opt/local文件夹下,删除之前最好查看下,心里有个数.| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | sudo port -f uninstall installed sudo rm -rf [/加以下的每条] /opt/local /Applications/DarwinPorts /Applications/MacPorts /Library/LaunchDaemons/org .macports.* /Library/Receipts/DarwinPorts *.pkg /Library/Receipts/MacPorts *.pkg /Library/StartupItems/DarwinPortsStartup /Library/Tcl/darwinports1 .0 /Library/Tcl/macports1 .0 ~/.macports |